Discrete Event Simulation

Underground Mine Haul Cycle Simulation

Load-haul-dump cycles, hoisting capacity and ventilation limits modelled together.

Underground production is set by the slowest link in a chain that changes every shift · LHD tramming distance, truck queuing at the dump pocket, skip hoisting capacity, and the ventilation envelope that caps how much diesel equipment can work a level at once. We model the whole cycle in FlexSim so a fleet or development decision is tested before it is funded.

25 marquee operators · 21 countries · verified roster
Bayer · Pfizer · TATA · Adani · JSW · ISRO · Siemens · Bosch · DuPont · Mahindra · Hindalco · and others
Bayer
Pfizer
TATA
Adani
JSW
Nestle
ISRO
Mahindra
Siemens
Bosch
DuPont
Aditya Birla
Hindalco
Amazon
Indian Oil
ITC
Asian Paints
Dr. Reddy
Kia
Bureau Veritas
Lloyd
Halliburton
Jindal Steel
AMNS
Rolls Royce
Bayer
Pfizer
TATA
Adani
JSW
Nestle
ISRO
Mahindra
Siemens
Bosch
DuPont
Aditya Birla
Hindalco
Amazon
Indian Oil
ITC
Asian Paints
Dr. Reddy
Kia
Bureau Veritas
Lloyd
Halliburton
Jindal Steel
AMNS
Rolls Royce
Why this matters

Why underground haulage is modelled, not calculated

A spreadsheet can give you a cycle time. It cannot tell you what happens when two LHDs share a decline, when the ore pass is full, or when the crusher is down and trucks queue at the tip. Underground haulage is a system of interacting queues with variable travel times, and its throughput is dominated by interference rather than by average speed. That is why fleet additions so often fail to deliver the tonnes the business case promised · the extra truck spends its shift waiting. Simulation exposes where the constraint actually sits: tramming distance, pocket capacity, hoisting availability, or the ventilation limit on the number of diesel units permitted underground at once.

Method

How we deliver Underground Mine Haul Cycle Simulation

CEng MIE India-signed deliverables · LiDAR-powered where applicable · digital twin handover ready · routes to the Discrete Event Simulation practice lead within 24 hours.

01

Mine layout and cycle data capture

Level plans, decline profile, ore pass and tip locations, and the current fleet loaded into the model. Cycle data taken from your dispatch system where available · loading, tramming, spotting, dumping and travel-empty times distributed rather than averaged.

02

Fleet and equipment modelling

LHDs, haul trucks, and where relevant shaft hoisting and conveyor transport, modelled with their real availability, payload and speed-on-grade characteristics. Operator shift change, refuelling and planned maintenance windows included, because they move the answer.

03

Constraint identification

Model run across the production plan to locate the binding constraint by shift and by level. Queueing at the dump pocket, decline interference, ore pass availability, hoisting capacity and ventilation limits assessed as competing candidates rather than assumed.

04

Scenario testing

Fleet size and mix, additional passing bays, ore pass capacity, tip configuration, shift roster and haulage-versus-conveyor options run as scenarios. Each returns tonnes per shift with a confidence range, not a single number.

05

Decision pack and model handover

Animated model, scenario comparison and a written recommendation with the tonnage and capital consequence of each option. Model handed over so your planning team can re-run it as the mine advances.

Standards + compliance

Built to the standards your auditors quote

Reports reference the international and national standards your regulators, F500 audit teams, and corporate process safety leads cite. Every deliverable signed by a Chartered Engineer (CEng MIE India).

Anonymous case anchors

What this looks like in production

Three landmark engagements from our verified roster · quantified outcomes, no client names disclosed without written permission.

Underground metal mine, India · fleet business case

Proposed three additional trucks tested before purchase. Model showed the binding constraint was ore pass capacity, not fleet size · two trucks would have queued. Pass upgrade funded instead at a fraction of the fleet capital.

Deep shaft operation · hoisting bottleneck

Haulage and hoisting modelled together. Skip cycle, not truck availability, capped production for 14 shifts a month. Schedule rebalanced to buffer ore at the tip ahead of the hoisting window.

Development heading · decline interference

Single-decline traffic modelled with passing bays at three candidate positions. The chosen position returned a measurable cycle-time reduction against the base case for a modest civil spend.

Frequently asked

Underground Mine Haul Cycle Simulation · the practical questions

What data do you need to start?
Level plans, the current fleet list with availability, and cycle time data from dispatch if you have it. Where dispatch data is absent we time-study a representative sample of cycles on site.
Can you model conveyor haulage against trucking?
Yes, and it is a common question at the decision point. The comparison has to include the transition period and the conveyor’s availability record, not just steady-state capacity, or it flatters the conveyor.
Do you include ventilation constraints?
Where they bind, and underground they usually do. The permitted number of concurrent diesel units on a level is modelled as a hard constraint, because a fleet plan that breaches it is not executable.
How is this different from a spreadsheet cycle calculation?
A spreadsheet averages. Simulation reproduces interference · two machines wanting the same decline, a full ore pass, a queue at the tip. Interference is what determines real tonnes, and it is invisible to an average.
Can our planners re-run the model later?
Yes. The model is handed over with the scenario set, so as the mine advances your planning team re-runs it rather than commissioning a new study.

Scope your Underground Mine Haul Cycle Simulation engagement.

Tell us your plant, region, and scope · a named Chartered Engineer responds within 24 hours.

  • 4 fields. No phone interview to start.
  • Per-discipline routing to the Discrete Event Simulation practice lead.
  • Anonymous case anchors sent with first reply.
  • Same-day callback for deadline-driven enquiries.

Simulation / Evaluation Scoping

FlexSim · decision-grade ROI evaluation.