Thermography services in India · thermographic survey · thermal imaging inspection · IS 16168:2014
Thermography services in India: every HT and LT panel, transformer and inverter scanned under load, every hot spot graded and fixed before it becomes a fire.
VB carries out infrared thermography inspection of electrical installations in operating Indian plants to IS 16168:2014, the BIS guidelines for infrared thermography of electrical installations. Each finding carries the thermal image, the temperature difference, a severity grade and a repair priority, in a report your insurer and safety auditor can use.
Scanned under normal loadGraded to IS 16168:2014Report for insurer and safety auditAMC visits available
Your thermography plan, now
| Scan scope | 106 assets 1 plant |
|---|---|
| Field time | 3 scan days for a two-person team |
| Visit plan | 1 scan a year · report ready for the safety audit file |
| Report | Thermal and visible image per finding, temperature difference, load at the time of scan, severity grade, repair priority, re-scan list |
| Arc flash | Arc flash study older than 5 years: review it on the same visit |
Modelled (category 3): VB scan-productivity model, October 2026, for a two-person team, equipment at normal operating load, panel covers opened by the plant electrician under a permit, and access on agreed dates. A VB engineer turns these scan days into a fixed price for your plant. Short form, no phone call unless you ask.
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- 0IS number of the BIS guidelines for infrared thermography of electrical installations
- 0arc flash studies delivered by VB
- 0assets twinned and recorded by VB
- 0countries
- 0VB working in plants since
Standard: IS 16168:2014, Bureau of Indian Standards. Study, asset and country counts and year founded: VB Engineering project register.
How the thermography plan works
- 1
Count your panels
Panels, transformers, inverters and BESS containers, from your SLD or a walk round.
- 2
Read days and visits
Scan days, the visit plan for your reason and whether your arc flash study is due.
- 3
Send it for a fixed price
A VB engineer confirms the count and sends a fixed price for the plant.
Who asks for it
Is thermography mandatory in India?
Indian plants commission infrared thermography services because four parties ask for evidence that live electrical equipment is healthy. The CEA (Measures relating to Safety and Electric Supply) Regulations, 2023 require installations to be inspected and tested periodically. Electrical safety audits under the Factories Act, 1948 and state factories rules include a thermal survey. Fire insurers ask for it at renewal, and corporate EHS standards of multinational parents schedule it every year.
| Who asks | What they ask for | What the VB report gives them |
|---|---|---|
| Electrical Inspector and CEA Regulations, 2023 | Installations inspected, tested and kept in safe condition | Condition of every connection under load, with repair priorities and dates |
| Electrical safety auditor (Factories Act, state rules) | A thermal survey as part of the electrical safety audit | Thermography section ready to file with the audit report |
| Fire insurer at renewal | Evidence that overheating risks are found and fixed | Findings, severity, actions taken and re-scan results |
| Corporate EHS of a multinational parent | Annual infrared survey to the group standard, often NFPA 70B | One report graded to IS 16168 and mapped to NFPA 70B and NETA MTS |
The Indian standard
What is IS 16168 and how does it compare with NFPA 70B?
IS 16168:2014 is the Bureau of Indian Standards guideline for infrared thermography inspection of electrical installations. It is the Indian reference for planning the survey, scanning live equipment and reporting what was found. Plants owned by multinational groups often also work to NFPA 70B and ANSI/NETA MTS, so VB grades every finding to IS 16168 and shows the equivalent NETA severity beside it.
| Question | Indian practice | US practice used by MNC parents |
|---|---|---|
| Which document governs the scan? | IS 16168:2014 (BIS guidelines) | NFPA 70B (2023), Standard for Electrical Equipment Maintenance |
| How often? | Set by the plant, the safety audit cycle and the insurer, usually once a year | At least every 12 months; every 6 months for equipment in Condition 3 |
| How is a hot spot graded? | Temperature difference and severity per IS 16168 | Temperature difference between similar components per ANSI/NETA MTS |
| What does VB deliver? | One report that satisfies both: IS 16168 grading, the NETA equivalent, load at the time of scan and a repair priority per finding | |

What VB scans
What does a thermography inspection of electrical panels cover?
A thermography inspection of electrical panels covers every energised connection that carries load: HT panels and VCB cubicles, transformers and their bushings, LT panels, PCC and MCC feeders, busducts, APFC panels, distribution boards, DG set panels, UPS, solar inverters with ACDB and DCDB, and BESS containers. VB scans each one at normal operating load so a loose or overloaded joint shows its true temperature rise.
| Equipment | What the scan finds | How VB plans access |
|---|---|---|
| HT panels, VCBs, RMUs | Busbar joints, breaker contacts, cable terminations, CT and PT terminals | Viewing windows or covers opened under a permit to work |
| Transformers | Bushings, LV and HV terminations, tap changer, radiators, oil level | Scanned from the safe distance at running load |
| LT panels, PCC, MCC, DBs | Feeder lugs, MCCB and fuse terminals, contactors, neutral links | Dead-front covers removed by the plant electrician |
| Busducts and APFC panels | Joint heating, capacitor and reactor heating | Along the run at peak shift load |
| Solar inverters, ACDB, DCDB | String fuse and combiner heating, inverter terminals | Midday, near peak generation |
| BESS containers and PCS | DC combiner and PCS terminals, enclosure hot spots | During a planned charge or discharge |
The price
How much does thermography testing cost in India?
VB prices thermography inspection services and thermographic audits as a fixed figure per plant, built from scan days and the report; scan days come from the panel count, not the floor area. On VB's modelled rates a two-person team scans about 30 HT sections, 60 LT panels or DBs, 20 inverters, UPS or APFC panels, 10 transformers or 6 BESS containers in a day. The plan above turns your counts into days.
Bolted panels without viewing windows need a permit and the plant electrician at each section.
Panels on light load show nothing. Scans are booked into peak shift hours, which can mean night shifts.
Each plant or block gets its own walk route and report.
Refinery and pharma areas need escorts and permits, planned with your safety team.
VB plans the route and tags every finding to your feeders.
When VB is already on site for arc flash data collection, the scan shares the travel, escorts and permits.
Scan-day rates: VB scan-productivity model, October 2026, modelled (category 3), two-person team, normal access. The fixed price follows the plan.

Year-round
What does a thermography AMC include?
A thermography AMC is a yearly contract for planned infrared scans of the same plant: usually two full scans a year, one before the monsoon and one after the peak-load season, plus a re-scan of every repaired hot spot. Each visit is compared with the last, so slow heating is caught early.
- Two planned scans a year · pre-monsoon and post-peak, dates fixed in the contract
- Re-scan after repairs · every closed finding verified on camera
- Breakdown scan · priority visit when a feeder trips or heats
- Fixed yearly price · agreed per plant, no per-visit surprise
What you receive
What should a thermography report format include?
A thermography report should show, for every finding, the thermal and visible image, the panel and feeder tag, the temperature difference against a similar component under similar load, the load at the time of the scan, the emissivity used, the severity grade and the repair priority. It also names the thermographer and the camera.
What temperature difference is a problem?
| Temperature difference | Meaning | Action |
|---|---|---|
| 1 °C to 3 °C | Possible deficiency | Investigate |
| 4 °C to 15 °C | Probable deficiency | Repair as time permits |
| Above 15 °C | Major discrepancy | Repair immediately |

Power, solar and BESS
What is a thermovision survey of a substation?
A thermovision survey is the term Indian utilities, railways and power plants use for an infrared thermography survey of a substation or switchyard. The thermographer scans isolators, jumpers, clamps, CT and PT terminals, breaker connections and transformer bushings while they carry load, and reports every hot joint before the next shutdown.
Substations and switchyards
Isolators, jumpers, clamps, CT and PT terminals and bushings, scanned at load and listed for the next shutdown window.
Solar plants
Inverters, ACDB and DCDB, string combiners and the plant substation, scanned near peak generation when faults show.
BESS
PCS terminals, DC combiners and enclosure hot spots, scanned during a planned charge or discharge, because an idle battery shows nothing.
Where VB scans in India
How is thermography done in pharma plants, refineries and data centres?
In a pharma plant VB scans the electrical rooms that feed the cleanrooms, HVAC and process equipment without entering classified areas. In a refinery the scan runs under the site permit-to-work with escorts. In a data centre VB scans one redundant power path at a time, so uptime is never put at risk.
Pharma and API plants
MCC rooms, HVAC and AHU panels, chillers and utility blocks, scanned from the electrical side with findings written for your change control.
Refineries and petrochemicals
Substations, motor control centres and process feeders, scanned under your permit-to-work and gas-testing routine.
Data centres
HT and LT panels, UPS, PDUs and battery strings, scanned path by path under IT load inside your change window.
One visit, two duties
Should thermography be done with an arc flash study?
Yes, when both are due: the thermographer opens the same panels the arc flash study records, so one visit can scan every connection, collect the arc flash field data and check that the arc flash labels are current. NFPA 70E 130.5(G) asks for the arc flash risk assessment to be reviewed at least every five years, so a study older than that is reviewed on the same visit.
| On the same visit | What you get | Where it goes next |
|---|---|---|
| Thermography scan | Hot spots graded by severity, report to IS 16168 | Your maintenance work orders |
| Arc flash label check | Every label read, dated and photographed | An arc flash study in India if the study is due |
| Arc flash field data | Nameplates, settings and cable data recorded in ElecTwin® | The study, modelled in ETAP or SKM |
| Electrical safety audit | Thermography section filed with the audit | The electrical safety audit report |

Tool expertise
Which software do VB's arc flash teams work in?
VB has dedicated engineering teams with hands-on expertise in ETAP, SKM PowerTools, CYME, EasyPower, PSS®E and NEPLAN. When the scan or the label check leads to an arc flash study, it runs in whichever software your plant or group electrical standard already uses.
A scan, planned
What does a thermographic survey in India look like for a pharma plant?
A modelled large oral solid dose plant in South India, with a utility block, two production blocks and a warehouse: 18 HT panel sections, 140 LT panels, PCC, MCC and DBs, 24 APFC, UPS and inverter panels and 6 transformers, an electrical safety audit due this year and an arc flash study older than five years. On VB's scan-productivity model this is a five-day scan for a two-person team, block by block, in peak shift hours.
| Line | Count | Modelled scan time |
|---|---|---|
| HT panel sections | 18 | 0.6 days |
| LT panels, PCC, MCC and DBs | 140 | 2.3 days |
| APFC, UPS and inverter panels | 24 | 1.2 days |
| Transformers | 6 | 0.6 days |
| Total, rounded to whole days | 188 assets | 5 scan days, report filed with the safety audit |
Modelled, illustrative (category 3): VB scan-productivity model, October 2026, for a plant of this shape; not a record of any one project. Because the arc flash study is older than five years, the label check and data collection run in the same five days.

Before you book
Questions plant and maintenance heads ask VB about thermography
How much does thermographic testing cost in India?
VB prices thermography testing as a fixed figure per plant, built from scan days and the report. Scan days come from the panel count: on VB's modelled rates a two-person team covers about 30 HT sections, 60 LT panels or DBs, 20 inverters, UPS or APFC panels, 10 transformers or 6 BESS containers a day. Enter your counts in the plan on this page and a VB engineer returns the fixed price for your plant.
Is thermography mandatory in India?
Indian plants commission thermography because the CEA (Measures relating to Safety and Electric Supply) Regulations, 2023 require installations to be inspected and kept safe, electrical safety audits under the Factories Act include a thermal survey, fire insurers ask for it at renewal, and multinational parents schedule it every year. IS 16168:2014 is the BIS guideline for how the inspection is done.
What is IS 16168?
IS 16168:2014 is the Bureau of Indian Standards guideline for infrared thermography inspection of electrical installations. It is the Indian reference for planning a thermography survey, scanning live electrical equipment and reporting the findings. VB grades every finding to IS 16168 and shows the ANSI/NETA MTS equivalent for plants that follow a multinational group standard.
How often should thermography be done in a factory?
Most Indian plants scan once a year, aligned to the electrical safety audit or the insurance renewal. Plants with heavy loads, frequent tripping or a history of hot spots move to two scans a year, usually before the monsoon and after the peak-load season, with a re-scan of every repaired connection.
What does a thermography AMC include?
A VB thermography AMC covers two planned scans a year of the same plant, a re-scan of every repaired hot spot, a priority breakdown scan when a feeder trips or heats, and the same report format each visit so every connection can be trended. It is priced as one fixed yearly figure per plant.
What is the acceptable temperature range for a thermography test on electrical panels?
There is no single acceptable temperature; what matters is the temperature difference between a component and a similar component under similar load. Under ANSI/NETA MTS Table 100.18, 1 to 3 °C is a possible deficiency, 4 to 15 °C a probable deficiency to repair as time permits, and above 15 °C a major discrepancy to repair immediately. VB grades to IS 16168 and reports both.
Does my insurer need a thermography report for fire insurance renewal?
Many fire insurers and their surveyors ask for evidence that overheating risks in electrical installations are found and fixed, and a thermography report is the usual evidence. VB's report lists every finding, its severity, the action taken and the re-scan result, which is the content a surveyor looks for. Check the wording of your own policy and survey recommendations.
What is a thermovision survey?
Thermovision survey is the term Indian utilities, railways and power plants use for an infrared thermography survey of a substation, switchyard or panel room. Isolators, jumpers, clamps, CT and PT terminals and bushings are scanned while they carry load, and every hot joint is reported with its temperature rise before the next shutdown.
Should thermography be done with an arc flash study?
When both are due, yes. The thermographer opens the same panels the arc flash study records, so one visit can scan every connection, collect arc flash field data and check the labels. NFPA 70E 130.5(G) asks for the arc flash risk assessment to be reviewed at least every five years, so an older study is reviewed on the same visit.
Count your panels, read your scan days, send it for a fixed price.
A VB engineer confirms the count, plans the scan around your load and shutdown calendar and replies with a fixed price for your plant and the report scope.
Get price estimatePrefer email? Write to connect@groupvb.com with your panel count in the subject line.